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Novik is known for her retellings of classic fairytales and folktales, and the Scholomance series is no exception. In a 2020 interview concerning her series, Novik notes the inspiration for the Scholomance, stating, “[T]here’s an old folk legend of the Scholomance, a hidden school of dark magic where wizards spent years studying in the dark, without teachers, and when they left, the last graduate’s soul was taken in payment for their education” (Diehl, Amanda. “Naomi Novik: The Darkest of Academias.” Book Page, 2020).
The folktale that Novik references is a Romanian one. Nineteenth-century folklorist Emily Gerard came across references to the story of the Scholomance in her studies of Transylvanian folklore. In her account, the school is one in which the devil teaches 10 scholars “all the secrets of nature, the language of animals, and all imaginable magic spells and charms […] and when the course of learning has expired and nine of them are released to return to their homes, the tenth scholar is detained by the devil as payment” (Gerard, Emily. Transylvanian Superstitions in The Nineteenth Century, 1885). One other notable mention of the Scholomance occurs in Bram Stoker’s Dracula (1897), in which the Scholomance is the school where the Draculas gain esoteric knowledge through their studies with the devil; in this version, the 10th scholar is also the devil’s due.
Novik transforms the original folktale by setting her story in a magical school for children and young adults, creating a much darker version of fantasy tropes that appear in series such as J. K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone and R. F. Kuang’s Babel, or The Necessity of Violence: An Arcane History of The Oxford Translators’ Revolution and Leigh Bardugo’s Ninth House. In keeping with the original source material, the school is a dangerous one, but the danger in this case also comes from the school itself and the beasts that devour young wizards to consume mana—no devil needed. Novik relies on a protagonist whose dark magic makes her extraordinarily powerful, but in this reimagining of the folktale, El’s tendency for evil is moderated by the benevolent influence of her mother. Novik also includes a last scholar—Orion Lake—in her tale but inverts a key element of the story by having the last scholar voluntarily entomb himself. Novik’s reimagining of the Scholomance is ultimately one that places the book and series firmly in the genre of dark academia, literature that takes place in an academic setting, but one with a gothic atmosphere, horror elements, violence, and the disturbing psychological effects of getting an education in such a setting.
The Last Graduate is the second volume in Novik’s Scholomance trilogy. The first book in the series, A Deadly Education, takes place during El’s junior year at the Scholomance. During that year, El collaborates with Orion and the graduating seniors to clean the graduation hall of the Scholomance. However, the repercussions of cleaning the hall only become clear in The Last Graduate. When El discovers that the hall is empty, she commits to her audacious plan to save everyone in the school rather than merely saving herself and those in her alliance.
Another important concept from the first novel is the continued influence of the prophecy of El’s paternal grandmother. The prophecy states that El will become a Dark Sorceress who will destroy the enclaves. El must live with the burden of that prophecy; at the start of The Last Graduate, she still refuses to rely fully upon her power because it is inherently dark and because she fears the possibility of succumbing to that darkness. Her fear of an ominous destiny leads her to conceal her powers, a choice that causes conflict with suspicious enclavers. That conflict is responsible for most of the tension in middle chapters of The Last Graduate.
Another important aspect of the first novel in the series involves El’s increased efforts to form connections with other students. The culmination of those efforts occurs in A Deadly Education, when El establishes a graduation alliance with Aadhya and Liu. This alliance also proves to be crucial to El’s plans in The Last Graduate, since the alliance becomes an outright friendship that gives El the confidence to reach out to others and devise her audacious plan to save everyone in the school. Likewise, El’s friendship with Orion, which begins in A Deadly Education, eventually blossoms into a full-blown romance during the events of The Last Graduate.
The two novels are also connected thematically. Both A Deadly Education and The Last Graduate focus on power—particularly its influence on the ethics of survival tactics. The two novels also focus on the impact of loneliness and isolation as the students of the Scholomance come of age without the stabilizing presence of adults. In the first volume, El immediately understands that members of enclaves (both inside and beyond the Scholomance) have privileges that will help them to survive. El’s effort to clean the graduation hall in A Deadly Education and her effort to save everyone in The Last Graduate are both important aspects of her project to ensure that enclaver students and independent students have equal access to rights and privileges. One challenge for El is to further develop her leadership skills, which are only hinted at in A Deadly Education. In the absence of adult mentors to help her learn how best to lead, El relies on friends and rivals alike in order to transform into a decisive leader by the end of The Last Graduate. In this way, the second volume allows Novik to build on the plot, character motivation, conflict, and themes of the first novel.
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